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Question

D. Plurality of Crimes (Real and Ideal): Single Impulse Rule

A, B, and C, known associates in a criminal gang, decided to rob a bank. They planned to enter the bank, demand money from the tellers at gunpoint, and flee the scene with the stolen cash. On the day of the robbery, A and B wore masks to conceal their identities, while C chose not to wear one.

As planned, they entered the bank and proceeded with the robbery. A and B approached the tellers, brandishing their guns and demanding money. Meanwhile, C stayed near the entrance, keeping watch for potential witnesses or law enforcement.

However, during the course of the robbery, a security guard attempted to intervene and apprehend A. In response, A panicked and accidentally fired his gun, hitting both the security guard and a bank customer who was standing nearby. Both victims sustained injuries as a result.

After firing the shot, A, B, and C immediately fled the scene without taking any money from the bank. They were apprehended by the police a few hours later.

In the given scenario, discuss whether A, B, and C can be held liable for their respective roles in the crime. Apply the principles of the Single Impulse Rule in analyzing their criminal liability and provide a legal justification for your answer.

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Answer